Article IV: Environmental Responsibility
Drawing from principles in constitutions like that of Ecuador, which recognizes the rights of nature, and international accords like the Paris Agreement, this article aims to enshrine environmental protection as a fundamental state responsibility.
Section 1: Right to a Healthy Environment
1.1 Every citizen has the right to a healthy environment, including clean air, water, and access to natural spaces.
1.2 The government shall take appropriate measures to ensure the protection and improvement of the environment.
Section 2: Sustainable Development
2.1 The government shall commit to sustainable development, balancing economic growth with the need to protect natural resources for future generations.
2.2 Environmental impact assessments must be conducted before the approval of any project that could significantly affect the environment.
Section 3: Biodiversity and Natural Resources
3.1 The government shall take measures to protect biodiversity and promote the sustainable use of natural resources.
3.2 Activities that endanger species or habitats shall be regulated or prohibited.
Section 4: Climate Change
4.1 The government shall take proactive measures to mitigate the effects of climate change.
4.2 These measures shall include a commitment to renewable energy, energy efficiency, and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
Section 5: Pollution Control
5.1 The emission of pollutants shall be regulated to protect public health and environmental quality.
5.2 Businesses and individuals shall be held accountable for pollution that they cause.
Section 6: Environmental Justice
6.1 The government shall ensure that environmental benefits and burdens are distributed fairly among all citizens, irrespective of their social or economic status.
6.2 Communities disproportionately affected by environmental hazards shall be entitled to special protection and remediation.
Section 7: Rights of Nature
7.1 Nature shall be considered an entity with intrinsic value and rights, including the right to exist, flourish, and evolve.
7.2 It shall be the duty of the government and citizens to act as stewards of nature and uphold these rights.